The earliest definite examples of needles originate from the Solutrean culture, which existed in France from 19,000 BC to 15,000 BC.
The earliest dyedflax fibers have been found in a prehistoric cave in the Republic of Georgia and date back to 36,000 BP.
The earliest evidence of weaving comes from impressions of textiles and basketry and nets on little pieces of hard clay, dating from 27,000 years ago and found in Dolni Vestonice in the Czech Republic.
Textile manufacturing is a major industry.
It is based on the conversion of fiber into yarn, yarn intofabric.
Different types of fiber are used to produce yarn.
Cotton remains the most important natural fibre, so is treated in depth.
There are many variable processes available at the spinning and fabric-forming stages coupled with the complexities of the finishingand colouration processes to the production of a wide ranges of products.
There remains a large industry that uses hand
digitizing techniques to achieve the same results.
The conservation and restoration of textiles refers to the processes by which textiles are cared for and maintained to bepreserved from future damage.
The field falls under the category of art conservation as well as library preservation, depending on the type of collection. In this case, the concept of textile preservation applies to a wide range of artifacts, including tapestries, carpets, quilts,clothing, flags and curtains, as well as objects which ‘’contain’’ textiles, such as upholstered furniture, dolls, and accessories such as fans, parasols, gloves and hats or bonnets.
Many of these artifacts require specialized care, often by a professional conservator.
The goal of this article is to provide a general overview of the textile preservation process, and to serve as a jumping-off point for further research into more specialized care.
Always contact a professional conservator if you are unsure of how to proceed in the preservation process.